The consumer unit (also called meter cabinet or distribution board) is the central distributor of power in your home or building. Power from the grid operator comes in here and is distributed over different circuits. Each circuit protects part of your installation with a circuit breaker and often an RCD.
Parts of the consumer unit
- Main switch — Switches the entire installation on or off.
- RCD (residual current device) — Trips on earth leakage (e.g. faulty appliance or moisture) and protects against electric shock.
- Circuit breakers — Each circuit has a breaker that trips on overload or short circuit.
- Cable — From the consumer unit to the various circuits (lighting, sockets, cooker, etc.).
Why circuits?
Without circuits, one fault or overload would cut power to the whole property. By dividing into circuits, the rest of the installation keeps working and it is easier to find the cause.